Must file measure's full text and three designated sponsors who are Wyoming voters to act as official sponsors of the campaign. 15, 273; Miss. If you desire to vote against the retention of the act, mark X in the square opposite the words 'FOR REJECTION OF THE ACT. In some states, the question is worded such that a yes vote is in favor of the law subject to referendum, while in others, a yes vote is in favor of repealing the law that is the subject of the referendum. In the others, the measure goes directly to the ballot after it is submitted to the legislature. A petition for direct initiative that is approved by the secretary of state and submitted to the legislature must be afforded a public hearing conducted by the joint standing committee that has jurisdiction over the subject matter. For citation information, please contact the NCSL Elections and Redistricting Team. Fiscal review: Governor's Office of Management and Budget conducts an estimate (U.C.A. 2; 21 Okl.St.Ann. Who creates petitions: The secretary of state creates the form and the petitions at the expense of the sponsors (W.S.1977 22-24-310; 22-24-311). Verification: Counts total number and then takes 5 % random sample to verify signature accuracy (A.R.S. Thirteen of the 23 popular referendum states have geographic distribution requirements for petition signatures. V, 1(3)). Must have full text of the measure and names and addresses of the sponsors (NDCC Const. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Does not go into effect unless approved by voters (Const. 48, Init., Pt. Of course, in some of the above states, timelines concerning filing, signature gathering and deadlines for signatures and the indirect initiative process may impose limits not otherwise spelled out in statute. XLVII, Pt. Evaluations done by lieutenant governor and Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel (U.C.A. Popular referendum: A citizen-led process to oppose and strike down existing laws. Six states do not have a law governing conflicting measures: Florida, Illinois, Montana, Oregon, South Dakota and Wyoming. Difference Between Initiative and Referendum Art. Code 23-17-37), Thirty-five percent in Nebraska (Ne.Rev.St. Law 6-203(b)). 2, 10). Number of signatures required: For statute, 8 % of the total votes cast for governor in the last general election. Art. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Signatures may be withdrawn up to the time of submission of the petition. Types allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, direct initiative for constitutional amendments and popular referendum. Verification: The secretary of state shall by rule designate a statistical sampling technique to verify whether a petition contains the required number of signatures (ORS 250.105). Amend. Code Ann. Code Ann. Art. 5, 1), Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after the election unless otherwise specified in the act (Ark. 3, 52(e) and Wyo. 3, 1 and SDCL 2-1-5). Registration is required before making an expenditure for or against a ballot measure. Fifteen % for amendments (A.R.S. Art. For constitutional amendments, generally take effect upon passage (Opinion of the Justices (1972) 287 N.E.2d 910, 362 Mass. How is technology used as a strategy for affecting votes? The following contribution and expenditure statements must be electronically filed: drafting statement, filed at the time approval is requested to circulate petition; circulating statement, filed at the time petitions are submitted for signature verification; pre-election statement, filed between the 39th and 31st day prior to the election; and year-end statement, filed by January 31 of the year following the election (NDCC 16.1-08.1-02 and -03). Art. Which election is a measure on: Next general election held at least 131 days after signatures are certified. Stat. 168.482). $50,000 Other types of review might include recommendations on wording. Who can sign the petition: Any qualified voter (AS 15.45.350). 3, 17(1)). Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: If a referendum petition is filed against a part of a statute, the remainder of the statute shall not be delayed from going into effect (Const., art II, 10(a)). 5, 1; C.R.S.A. Petition title and summary creation: A title board comprised of the attorney general, the secretary of state and the director of the office of legislative legal services or their designees (CRS 1-40-106). M.G.L.A. Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors of the state (34 OS 23). b. majority system Petition title and summary creation: Attorney general (Elec. Timeline for collecting signatures: Eighten months. 3501.38). Subject restrictions: Laws immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or for the support and maintenance of the departments of the state government and state institutions are not subject to the referendum (Const. 23 States have a popular referendum process. Application process information: Submit filing fee and a petition signed by 1,000 voters to the attorney general, with a summary and complete copy of the measure. 12; 25). Art. Number of signatures required: 5% of votes cast for all candidates for governor at the last gubernatorial election (Const. Petition title and summary creation: None specified for title, and summary "prepared by the person authorized by law" (M.C.L.A. A person, committee or political party that pays signature gatherers is required to file the same financial disclosures required under Title 13, Chapter 37. II, 1g; O.R.C. Which election is a measure on: Biennial regular general election (C.R.S.A. Arizona: A.R.S. Amount is specified by secretary of state by rule. Cure period for insufficient signatures: If the petitions were filed at least 165 days before the election and the submission deadline has not passed, and the signatures are deemed insufficient, petitioners may submit more signatures (OR Rev. General election, and signatures must be filed one year prior to the election. Art. Circulator requirements: Resident,18 years old and paid circulators must wear badges (U.C.A. Paid per signature: Banned (U.C.A. All chief petitioners must sign the form to withdraw (O.R.S. For statute, 8% of total votes cast for governor in last general election. It must be accompanied by a notarized form including the names and addresses of the petition sponsors and the statement of organization provided at 12-27-6 (SDCL 2-1-3.1). 23-17-49). Where to file: Secretary of state (Const. Who can sign the petition: Qualified registered voters (Wyo. 48, Pt. Art. Code 23-17-3; MS Const. The filing procedure described in statute does not appear to apply to referendum petitions, every initiative petition for a proposed law or amendment to the state constitution (CRS 1-40-105). CONST. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Sponsor signs affidavit, and circulators sign oath (RCWA 29A.72.010; 29A.72.120). a. II, 1(c)). Rev. 5, 1; M.G.L.A. The legislature has 40 days to pass the unchanged initiative. Repeal or change restrictions: Normal amendment referendum required. 4, Pt. 14, 3). Const. Art. 1953 20A-7-202; U.C.A. 7-9-111). Art. They exist in a variety of forms. Art. St. 32-628), Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (Neb. Stat. A statement of organization is required (Govt. II, 1e). II, 1(b) and RCW 29A.72.150, 4% of the votes cast for the office of governor at the last election, 15% of the total ballots cast in the previous general election. Preference cookies enable a website to remember information that changes the way the website behaves or looks, like your preferred language or the region that you are in. II, 1(d)). Art. 5, 1). For constitutional amendments, 10% of votes cast for governor in last election. 3501.38; 3519.05). 1-40-108. Art. 1(9) and ARS 19-112). 4, Pt. 5, 1). For indirect initiative states, this review process involves the legislature and can be quite extensive. Art. 53 7). . 3, 4; Art. Circulator requirements: Name and address must be on petition if paid (F.S.A. III, 52(c); Wyo Stat. Art. Code Ann. Application process information: No fees or application, Where to file with: Secretary of state (M.C.L.A. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: To be voted on at the next regular or general election subsequent to 125 days after the supplementary petition is filed (OH Const. Several states require two officials to write or review the title and/or summary, given the importance of these items for a ballot measure. V, 1(4)(a) and CRS 1-40-123). Const. Who creates petitions: Secretary of state approves the format and printers proof (C.R.S.A. 34-1804, 34-1809). 2, 3), Proponent organization and requirements: Names and residences of first 10 signers in application appear on the ballot with the summary (M.G.L.A. Code 9001). Art. 3, 2). 3501.38). For statutory initiatives, must be submitted to be verified before appearing before the legislature on the second Tuesday in November in even-numbered years, or the next day (N.R.S. Art. 3, 2). Initiative and Referendum Processes - National Conference of State (Const. Petition title and summary creation: Proponent with attorney general approval (A.C.A. Form of petition specified (M.C.L.A. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Signature may be withdrawn not later than 5 p.m. on the date the petition containing the person's signature is filed by signing a statement of intent to withdraw at the secretary of state's office, mailing a signed, notarized statement of intent to the secretary of state or drawing a line through the signature and printed name (ARS 19-113). d. the McCain-Feingold Act. Cannot have had a civil or criminal penalty for a violation of election code in the last five years; been convicted of treason or a felony and not restored civil rights; been convicted of any criminal offense involving fraud, forgery or identity theft. 5, 11; Art. For constitutional amendment initiatives, 4 % of the resident population (NDCC Const. ch. Art. May include a fee (RCWA 29A.72.010; 43.07.120; 29A.72.020; 29A.72.040). 168.471; 168.472. VI, Subpt. 1953 20A-7-201). 45. Which of the following is a method of limiting voter access? III, 5(1) and MCA 13-27-202). d. tobacco companies. Art. c. Nixon's failure to develop infomercials. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due quarterly in calendar years without elections. Where to file: Secretary of state (OR CONST Art. Art. 901 and 1 M.R.S.A. Acts making appropriations for the expense of the state government or a state institution existing at the time of the passage of such act. c. poll testing. Groups must file reports detailing contributions received in excess of $100 in the aggregate and all contributions and expenditures made by the group (AS 15.13.040(b)). 3, 52(c) and Wyo. 53 7). Art. Verification: Direct initiatives are turned into the county clerk of the county in which the initiative packet was circulate. 1-40-116). Subject restrictions: None (Const. III, 2). Petition title and summary creation: Proponents submit a suggested popular name, to be approved or disapproved by the secretary of state (NMSA 1-17-9). Art. XVI, 1; Art. Timeline for collecting signatures: Must be 180 days from official summary date by attorney general (Cal.Elec.Code 9014). Voters were asked whether to give the Federal Government the power to make special laws for Indigenous Australians in states, and whether in population counts for constitutional purposes to include all Indigenous Australians. Art. 2). There must also be a five-person committee of those who favor rejection, comprised of individuals appointed by the governor, attorney general, president of the senate and speaker of the house eachthe fifth member is appointed by the four previous members. 22-24-411). States with direct initiatives (19): Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, States with indirect initiatives (10): Alaska, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Nevada, Ohio, Utah, Washington, Wyoming. a. benign gerrymandering. Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state (Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to that proponent or opponent groups for a ballot proposition are considered political issue committees unless they meet certain criteria such as not expending more than $5,000, and political issue committees register and report financially (U.C.A. What is on each petition: Contains a summary of the subject matter, warning to signers and a statement as to paid circulators (Const. Which of the following does not require a collection of registered voters signatures in order to be placed on the ballot? 5, 1), Who can sign the petition: Registered electors who will be eligible to vote on the measure (C.R.S.A. Proponent organization and requirements: The sponsors must delegate a committee of three to five people to represent them, and must file if any signature gatherers will be paid (O.R.C. Public review or notice: In consultation with the attorney general, the secretary state writes an analysis of the effect of the measures, which will be published in the columns for two weeks prior to the election (NDCC, 16.1-01-07). Where to file with: Secretary of state (OK Const. Petitions are deemed invalid if signatures are gathered in violation (ORC 3501.381). Geographic distribution: In each of two-thirds of the congressional districts, and each petition page must only contain signatures from a singular county (V.A.M.S. II, 1g). Otherwise, they may submit an alternative measure. Who can sign the petition: Electors (Const. Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to being considered a political committee, appointing a treasurer, filing with the secretary of state, filing regular reports with specific donor information, and may receive unlimited funds (I.C. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (Ark. Cannot "pass a law authorizing any classification of property for the purpose of levying different rates of taxation thereon or of authorizing the levy of any single tax on land or land values or land sites at a higher rate or by a different rule than is or may be applied to improvements thereon or to personal property.". Art. Collected in-person: In the circulator's presence (V.A.M.S. To remove prohibition against counting Aboriginal people in population counts in the Commonwealth or a State.". Subject Matter Excluded From Popular Referendum, Dedications of revenue, appropriations, local or special legislation or laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety, Laws immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health or safety, or for the support and maintenance of the departments of the state government and state institutions, Urgency statutes, statutes calling elections or statutes providing for tax levies or appropriations for current expenses of the state, Laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety, and appropriations for the support and maintenance of the departments of state and state institutions, Laws making any appropriation for maintaining the state government or for maintaining or aiding any public institution, not exceeding the next previous appropriation for the same purpose, Const. 23-17-17). For direct initiatives, six months to collect (submit proposed measure within 10 months with deadline to submit four months out from the general election). Collected in-person: Yes, "In their own proper persons only " (Const. Anotherform of referendum or referral, the advisory referendum, is rarely used. For amendments, 10 % of the total votes cast for governor (M.C.L.A. 7-9-105). Geographic distribution: The registered voters signing such petition shall be so distributed as to include five percent of the whole number of votes cast for governor at the last election in each of two-fifths of the counties of the state (Const. St. 32-1410), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Four months prior to the general election (Neb. Wording of Ballot Question and Effect of Yes Vote, No statute found; used Referred Act 1 (Nov. 1994) as a reference. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. A referendum is broadly defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as "a general vote by the electorate on a single political question"; however this definition fails to make distinctions between the many types of referendum which exist, or the modern day importance of referendums. Legislature or other government official review: General assembly members opposing the amendment may prepare or designate others to prepare a brief argument against such amendment, submitted to attorney general (5 ILCS 20/2). Ohio: Reviewed by attorney general and Ohio ballot board, which also writes pro or con statements if not supplied. Proponent organization and requirements: Each proponent must certify that s/he is a US citizen, at least 18 years old, and a resident of California, and must provide public contact information (Const. 23-17-1; 23-17-3). Const. II, 1g and ORC 3519.01). S127 was deleted in its entirety, meaning that Aboriginals could now be counted towards the population of the Commonwealth. (EXAMPLE) What was the question posed by the Referendum? b. plurality 8; 9). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (MCA 13-27-302). 11 3), Who can sign the petition: Registered voter in the county in which the petition circulates (F.S.A. Circulator requirements: Must be qualified to register to vote pursuant to 16-101. Types allowed: Indirect initiative for constitutional amendments, NOTE:In 2021, the Mississippi Supreme Court. Thus, a referendum is a measure that's referred (that is, sent on) to the people. Art. Timeline for collecting signatures: Petitions carried by paid circulators must be filed on a monthly basis (ORS 250.105). 23-17-41). This site uses different types of cookies. Petition sponsors, approved or rewritten by attorney general, Petition sponsors, with approval by secretary of state, Drafted by secretary of state and approved by attorney general, Petition sponsors, approved by attorney general. 5, 1), Single subject rule: Yes (Cal.Const. Must report name and address of donors of $50 or more. 250.045; 250.067; 250.035; 250.036; 250.075). Art.

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